Role of homocysteine and cellular adhesion molecules in essential hypertensives without and with complications
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) increases the risk of CVD for people worldwide, essential hypertension remains a major modifiable risk factor despite advances in understanding of its pathophysiology and the availability of effective treatment strategies. Endothelial dysfunction a hallmark of essential hypertension causes changes in blood vessels, fibromuscular hyperplasia, and accelerated arteriosclerosis leading to microvascular as well as macrovascular complications. Of recent, it has been found that remodeling of the vascular wall is highly influenced by various inflammatory factors of which (CAMs), are primarily involved The primary aim was to assess the levels of the inflammatory molecules (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in essential hypertensives without and with complications. 525 individuals in the age group of 20-55 years , from both sexes attending the Hypertensive clinic in SRMC & RI were enrolled for the study .They were grouped as 3-group I being controls , group II being hypertensives without any complications and group III hypertensives with complications (175 each). The serum levels ICAM-1 & VCAM-1 were determined by ELISA Method. The mean values of ICAM-1 VCAM-1 showed a statistically highly significant difference between the 3 groups (p<0.001To conclude elevated levels of CAMs in essential hypertension, re?ect enhanced leukocyte chemotaxis and adhesion, thereby increasing risk of atherosclerotic disease. In future asymptomatic individuals who are at increased risk for atherosclerosis can be identified with the help of these cell adhesion molecules serving as biochemical markers.
Keywords: Essential hypertension, cellular adhesion molecules, atherosclerosis